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Alphabet

Hangul Alphabet

Master the 14 basic consonants, 5 double consonants, 10 basic vowels, and 11 compound vowels.

Foundational Hangul Guide

The Korean Alphabet (한글 - Hangul)

Created in 1443 by King Sejong the Great, Hangul is recognized as one of the most scientific, phonetic writing systems in the world.

Consonants (자음 - 19 Total)

Consonant letters are designed directly after the physical shape of the human mouth, tongue, and throat when producing the sound (e.g. represents the tongue blocking the throat).

  • 14 Basic Consonants: ㄱ, ㄴ, ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅁ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅇ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅎ
  • 5 Double Consonants: ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅆ, ㅉ (tense, pressurized sounds)
Vowels (모음 - 21 Total)

Vowels represent the three philosophical pillars of the universe: Heaven (•), Earth (ㅡ horizontal), and Humanity (ㅣ vertical).

  • 10 Basic Vowels: ㅏ, ㅑ, ㅓ, ㅕ, ㅗ, ㅛ, ㅜ, ㅠ, ㅡ, ㅣ
  • 11 Combined Vowels: ㅐ, ㅒ, ㅔ, ㅖ, ㅘ, ㅙ, ㅚ, ㅝ, ㅞ, ㅟ, ㅢ
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Hangul Alphabet

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Showing 40 spoken Korean phrasesClickion any row for word breakdown & tips
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ㄱ (가)

Consonant: g/k sound (Letter name: Giyeok • 기역)

ga (gi-yeok)

ㄱ (ga)

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ㄴ (나)

Consonant: n sound (Letter name: Nieun • 니은)

na (ni-eun)

ㄴ (na)

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ㄷ (다)

Consonant: d/t sound (Letter name: Digeut • 디귿)

da (di-geut)

ㄷ (da)

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ㄹ (라)

Consonant: r/l sound (Letter name: Rieul • 리을)

ra (ri-eul)

ㄹ (ra)

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ㅁ (마)

Consonant: m sound (Letter name: Mieum • 미음)

ma (mi-eum)

ㅁ (ma)

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ㅂ (바)

Consonant: b/p sound (Letter name: Bieup • 비읍)

ba (bi-eup)

ㅂ (ba)

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ㅅ (사)

Consonant: s sound (Letter name: Siot • 시옷)

sa (si-ot)

ㅅ (sa)

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ㅇ (아)

Consonant: Silent at start; ng sound at end (Letter: Ieung • 이응)

ah (i-eung)

ㅇ (a)

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ㅈ (자)

Consonant: j sound (Letter name: Jieut • 지읒)

ja (ji-eut)

ㅈ (ja)

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ㅊ (차)

Consonant: ch sound (Letter name: Chieut • 치읓)

cha (chi-eut)

ㅊ (cha)

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ㅋ (카)

Consonant: aspirated k sound (Letter name: Kieuk • 키읔)

ka (ki-euk)

ㅋ (ka)

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ㅌ (타)

Consonant: aspirated t sound (Letter name: Tieut • 티읕)

ta (ti-eut)

ㅌ (ta)

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ㅍ (파)

Consonant: aspirated p sound (Letter name: Pieup • 피읖)

pa (pi-eup)

ㅍ (pa)

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ㅎ (하)

Consonant: h sound (Letter name: Hieut • 히읗)

ha (hi-eut)

ㅎ (ha)

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ㄲ (까)

Double Consonant: tense kk sound (Letter: Ssang-giyeok • 쌍기역)

kka (ssang-gi-yeok)

ㄲ (kka)

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ㄸ (따)

Double Consonant: tense tt sound (Letter: Ssang-digeut • 쌍디귿)

tta (ssang-di-geut)

ㄸ (tta)

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ㅃ (빠)

Double Consonant: tense pp sound (Letter: Ssang-bieup • 쌍비읍)

ppa (ssang-bi-eup)

ㅃ (ppa)

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ㅆ (싸)

Double Consonant: tense ss sound (Letter: Ssang-siot • 쌍시옷)

ssa (ssang-si-ot)

ㅆ (ssa)

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ㅉ (짜)

Double Consonant: tense jj sound (Letter: Ssang-jieut • 쌍지읒)

jja (ssang-ji-eut)

ㅉ (jja)

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ㅏ (아)

Basic Vowel: ah (like father)

ah

ㅏ (a)

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ㅑ (야)

Basic Vowel: yah (like yard)

yah

ㅑ (ya)

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ㅓ (어)

Basic Vowel: uh / eo (like son, up)

eo

ㅓ (eo)

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ㅕ (여)

Basic Vowel: yuh / yeo (like young)

yeo

ㅕ (yeo)

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ㅗ (오)

Basic Vowel: oh (like boat)

oh

ㅗ (o)

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ㅛ (요)

Basic Vowel: yoh (like yoga)

yoh

ㅛ (yo)

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ㅜ (우)

Basic Vowel: oo (like moon)

oo

ㅜ (u)

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ㅠ (유)

Basic Vowel: yoo (like youth)

yoo

ㅠ (yu)

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ㅡ (으)

Basic Vowel: eu (unrounded lips, like good)

eu

ㅡ (eu)

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ㅣ (이)

Basic Vowel: ee (like see, meet)

ee

ㅣ (i)

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ㅐ (애)

Combined Vowel: ae/eh (like cat or bed)

ae

ㅐ (ae)

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ㅒ (얘)

Combined Vowel: yae/yeh (like yell)

yae

ㅒ (yae)

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ㅔ (에)

Combined Vowel: eh (like pet)

e

ㅔ (e)

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ㅖ (예)

Combined Vowel: yeh (like yes)

ye

ㅖ (ye)

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ㅘ (와)

Combined Vowel: wah (like water)

wa

ㅘ (wa)

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ㅙ (왜)

Combined Vowel: wae/weh (like wet)

wae

ㅙ (wae)

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ㅚ (외)

Combined Vowel: weh (like way, wet)

oe

ㅚ (oe)

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ㅝ (워)

Combined Vowel: wuh/wo (like won, world)

wo

ㅝ (wo)

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ㅞ (웨)

Combined Vowel: weh (like wedding)

we

ㅞ (we)

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ㅟ (위)

Combined Vowel: wee (like we)

wi

ㅟ (wi)

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ㅢ (의)

Combined Vowel: ui (eu + ee blend)

ui

ㅢ (ui)